Pure iron, as the name suggests, refers to metals with a high iron content or iron with an iron content exceeding 99.95%. Other impurities are very low. How to distinguish between different types of pure iron mainly depends on the content of other impurities, such as carbon, silicon, manganese, sulfur, and phosphorus. Our pure iron is divided into furnace charge pure iron and electric pure iron. In China, its grades are divided into YT series and DT series. It is also known as wrought iron or wrought iron, and is a metal with a silver white metallic luster.
.
.
Smelting aspect
Ⅰ.Smelting pure iron into higher grade steel
The carbon content in pure iron is extremely low. When the carbon content in pure iron exceeds 0.02%, its properties begin to change and low carbon steel can be formed. As the carbon content increases, it can be melted into medium carbon steel and high carbon steel, collectively known as carbon steel. The hardness, strength, and toughness of carbon steel vary with the increase of carbon content.
II. Alloying process
In order to obtain steel with specific properties, a certain amount of alloying elements need to be added during the melting process. These alloying elements can alter the microstructure of steel, thereby improving its hardness, strength, toughness, corrosion resistance, and other properties. Common alloying elements include silicon, manganese, chromium, nickel, molybdenum, tungsten, etc.
1. Low alloy high-strength steel: Adding less than 5% of alloying elements such as silicon and manganese to pure iron can produce low-alloy high-strength steel with a strength 30% to 40% higher than ordinary carbon steel with the same carbon content.
2. Stainless steel: Adding a certain amount of chromium element to pure iron can form stainless steel. As the chromium content increases, the corrosion resistance of stainless steel will also improve. In addition, elements such as nickel and molybdenum can be added to further improve its performance.
3. Heat resistant steel: Adding a certain amount of chromium, molybdenum and other elements to low-carbon steel can form heat-resistant steel with high temperature resistance.
4. Other special steels: According to specific needs, other alloying elements can also be added to refine steels with special properties, such as permanent magnet alloys, electric heating alloys, etc.
III. Casting and Processing
After melting and alloying treatment, the obtained steel liquid is cast into steel ingots or billets. Then, these steel ingots or billets need to undergo processing such as rolling and forging to form the desired shape and size. During the processing, heat treatment (such as quenching, tempering, etc.) is also required to further improve the performance of the steel.
IV. Application and Prospect
Higher grade steel has a wide range of applications, including mechanical manufacturing, automotive manufacturing, aerospace, petrochemicals, and more. With the continuous advancement of technology and the development of industries, the performance requirements for steel are also increasing. Therefore, converting pure iron into higher grade steel through processes such as melting and alloying has important practical significance and broad application prospects.
Electromagnetic aspect
Electromagnetic pure iron is a low carbon iron-based soft magnetic alloy with excellent electromagnetic properties and good processability, which has a wide range of applications in multiple fields.
I. Power sector
1. Transformers and inductors: Electromagnetic pure iron has high magnetic conductivity and can be used to manufacture iron cores in transformers and inductors. Its high magnetic conductivity can effectively improve the conversion efficiency and output power of transformers, ensuring the normal and stable operation of the power grid.
2. Power transmission: In the power transmission system, electromagnetic pure iron can be used to manufacture electromagnetic shielding materials to reduce electromagnetic interference and losses, and improve the efficiency and stability of power transmission.
II. Communication field
1. Communication equipment: Electromagnetic pure iron is also widely used in communication equipment, such as manufacturing high-frequency inductors, microwave devices, etc., to improve the performance and stability of communication equipment.
2. Magnetic sensor: Electromagnetic pure iron can be used to manufacture magnetic sensors for detecting changes in magnetic fields, which are widely used in various automation control systems and measuring instruments.
III. Computer field
1. High speed magnetic memory: Electromagnetic pure iron has the characteristic of low hysteresis loss, which can be used to manufacture high-speed magnetic memory and improve the data storage and reading speed of computer systems.
2. Computer hardware: In computer hardware, electromagnetic pure iron can be used to manufacture magnetic shielding materials to reduce the interference of electromagnetic radiation on computer hardware and improve the stability and reliability of computers.
IV. Aerospace field
1. Aviation instruments: Electromagnetic pure iron has been used in the aviation industry for many years, mainly for magnetic components and magnetic shielding materials in aviation instruments, as well as magnetic parts such as relays and automatic navigators in electrical equipment.
2. Spacecraft: In spacecraft manufacturing, electromagnetic pure iron can be used to manufacture various magnetic transmission devices and electromagnetic shielding materials to meet the demand for high-performance materials in spacecraft.
V. Medical field
1. MRI scanning device: Electromagnetic pure iron also has important applications in the medical field, such as materials used to manufacture MRI (magnetic resonance imaging) scanning devices, providing important support for medical diagnosis.
2. Medical equipment: In addition, electromagnetic pure iron can also be used to manufacture magnetic components and magnetic shielding materials in other medical equipment to improve the performance and safety of medical devices.
VI. Other fields
1. Nuclear Physics: Electromagnetic pure iron also has applications in nuclear physics, such as being used as a material for hadron beamlines and magnetic focusing devices, providing important support for nuclear physics research.
2. Magnetic transmission device: Electromagnetic pure iron can be used to manufacture various magnetic transmission devices, such as magnetic brakes, magnetic clutches, etc., widely used in industrial automation and mechanical transmission systems.